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1.
Más Vita ; 4(1): 104-112, mar. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1372135

ABSTRACT

La diabetes Mellitus es un padecimiento que empieza cuando el páncreas no realiza un uso adecuado de la insulina que produce o no puede lograr producir insulina. Se descomponen en glucosa en la sangre todos los alimentos ricos en hidratos de carbono; la insulina da ayuda a la glucosa para que esta pueda ingresar en las células. Los niveles de azúcar en la sangre al no funcionar bien el páncreas suben, lo cual debe ser controlado por medio de un tratamiento médico de por vida, y lo más importante la persona debe cambiar de hábitos en su salud. Objetivo: El objetivo principal de esta investigación es definir el efecto que produce la adherencia a la insulinoterapia en los pacientes con diabetes tipo II del Hospital del Día Mariana de Jesús. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizó una investigación cuantitativa, transversal ya que se realizó una encuesta a los pacientes, la cual se procedió a la recolección y análisis e interpretación de datos. La muestra trabajada fue de 100 pacientes, los cuales fueron atendidos en el Hospital por concepto de diabetes tipo II en el área de emergencia. Resultados: Como resultado de la investigación tenemos que el 76% de los encuestados conocen sobre el tratamiento de la insulinoterapia, el 85% se rehusó a utilizar insulina cuando inició su tratamiento, el 75% ha tenido dificultad para la conservación de la insulina, el 63% considera que el uso de la insulina es riesgos, el 53% indicó haber recibido asesoría sobre los posibles efectos de la insulina, al 65% de encuestados su jornada laboral no le permite asistir a su control médico, el 72% ha sentido un desmejoro en su salud al dejar el tratamiento y el 63% de los encuestados indicó que ha abandonado en algún momento su tratamiento por temor a los efectos secundarios que dicen tener. Conclusiones: Se estableció el tipo de complicaciones que se dan en los pacientes ante la no adherencia a la insulinoterapia, uno de ellos fue, que al dejar el tratamiento los pacientes sintieron un desmejoro en su estado de salud, así también, los pacientes han abandonado el tratamiento en algún momento por miedo a los efectos secundarios que dicen tener la insulina(AU)


Diabetes Mellitus is a condition that begins when the pancreas does not make proper use of the insulin it produces or cannot achieve produce insulin. All foods rich in glucose are broken down into glucose in the blood. carbohydrates; insulin helps glucose to enter the cells cells. When the pancreas does not work well, blood sugar levels rise, which must be controlled by lifelong medical treatment, and most importantly the person must change their health habits. Objective: The main objective of this research is to define the effect produced by adherence to insulin therapy in patients with type II diabetes at Hospital del Día Mariana de Jesús. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional investigation was used since a patient survey which proceeded to the collection and analysis and interpretation of data. The sample worked was 100 patients who were treated at the Hospital for type II diabetes concept in the emergency area. Results: Like result of the investigation we have that 76% of the respondents know about the insulin therapy treatment, 85% refused to use insulin when they started their treatment, 75% have had difficulty conserving insulin, 63% considers that the use of insulin is risky, 53% indicated having received counseling about the possible effects of insulin, 65% of those surveyed did not care about their working hours. allows them to attend their medical control, 72% have felt a deterioration in their health when leaving the treatment and 63% of those surveyed indicated that they had abandoned their treatment at some point. treatment for fear of the side effects they claim to have. Conclusions: If established the type of complications that occur in patients due to non-adherence to insulin therapy, one of them was that when leaving the treatment the patients felt a deterioration in their state of health, as well as the patients have abandoned the treatment at some point for fear of the side effects that they claim to have insulin(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Therapeutics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Insulin , Pancreas/physiopathology , Blood Glucose , Surveys and Questionnaires , Drug Therapy , Life Style
2.
Journal Africain de l'Imagerie Médicale ; 11(1): 261-266, 2019. ilus
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1263871

ABSTRACT

But : Evaluer les variations morphométriques du pancréas à la tomodensitométrie. Sujets et méthode : il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective sur une période de sept mois. L'étude concernait 110 sujets dont 55 hommes et 55 femmes sans antécédents d'affection ou de chirurgie abdominale. Nous étudiions pour chaque sujet le nombre de coupes ou le pancréas était visualisé, la forme générale du pancréas, la forme du pancréas à l'origine de l'artère mésentérique supérieure, la forme de la queue, la visibilité de la lobulation graisseuse et du conduit pancréatique principale. Nous mesurions l'angle formé par l'axe du corps et celui de la queue, la distance entre le bord antérieur du pancréas à la peau de la paroi abdominale ventrale, la distance entre le bord postérieur du pancréas à la peau de la paroi abdominale dorsale et les dimensions des différentes parties du pancréas. Résultats : Le pancréas était visualisé sur 35,43 coupes pour chaque sujet. Il avait une forme générale en « arc » à concavité postérieure dans 58 % des cas. A la naissance de l'artère mésentérique supérieure nous retrouvions une forme en arc à concavité postérieure dans 24 % des cas. La queue avait une forme classique dans 92,59% des coupes. Le conduit pancréatique principal était visible chez 37 sujets. La lobulation graisseuse était visible chez 31 sujets. L'angle moyen formé par l'axe du corps et celui de la queue était de 138 degré. La distance moyenne du bord antérieur du pancréas à la peau était de 76,86 mm chez les femmes ; et de 79,11 mm chez les hommes. La distance moyenne du bord postérieur du pancréas à la peau était de 123,87 mm chez les femmes ; et de 122,08 mm chez les hommes. Le diamètre moyen de la tête était de 22,8 mm chez les femmes ; et de 22,25 mm chez les hommes. Le diamètre moyen du corps était de 15,65 mm chez les femmes ; et de 15,69 mm chez les hommes. Le diamètre moyen de la queue était de 12,53 mm chez les femmes ; et de 12,35 mm chez les hommes. Conclusion : Nous retrouvons une forme générale du pancréas en « arc » ou en « s couchée ». Les dimensions chez les femmes sont plus élevées que chez les hommes mais la différence n'est pas significative. Il n'existe pas de corrélation entre le diamètre des différentes parties du pancréas et l'âge. Il existe une corrélation entre la lobulation graisseuse et l'âge


Subject(s)
Adult , Pancreas/anatomy & histology , Pancreas/physiopathology , Senegal , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(3): 252-256, jul.-set. 2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-915729

ABSTRACT

A compressão do tronco celíaco pelo ligamento arqueado mediano do diafragma pode causar sintomas inespecíficos como dor abdominal, vômitos e emagrecimento. Existe uma associação comprovada entre estenoses ou oclusões do tronco celíaco e aneurismas da artéria pancreatoduodenal. Nas situações em que essa associação ocorre, a estratégia de tratamento deve ser individualizada. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente com aneurisma de artéria pancreatoduodenal associado à compressão do tronco celíaco pelo ligamento arqueado, manejados, respectivamente, por técnicas endovasculares e laparoscópicas


Compression of the celiac axis by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm can cause nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and weight loss. There is a known association between stenosis or occlusion of the celiac trunk and aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. Treatment strategies for patients who have this association should be selected on a case-by-case basis. We describe the case of a patient with pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm associated with compression of the celiac trunk by the arcuate ligament, which were managed with endovascular and laparoscopic techniques, respectively


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diaphragm , Celiac Artery/diagnostic imaging , Laparoscopy/methods , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome/physiopathology , Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome/therapy , Aneurysm/physiopathology , Aneurysm/therapy , Pancreas/physiopathology , Ultrasonics/methods , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Stents , Constriction, Pathologic/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Mesenteric Arteries/diagnostic imaging
5.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(7): 595-599, jul. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-794763

ABSTRACT

Enteric disease is a multifactorial problem in chickens, which causes gastrointestinal alterations, elevated feed conversions and impairment. In the last years, several enteric viruses were implicated in enteric disease; case reports have shown their presence alone or in concomitant infections during outbreaks and have suggested that they might be determining factors in the aetiology of enteric disease. This study shows high detection rates of enteric viruses in the pancreas and spleen in samples from an outbreak of enteritis and malabsorption in 16 chicken flocks (n=80 broilers). Avian nephritis virus (ANV) was the most ubiquitous virus, present in 75% of the flocks followed by avian rotavirus group A (ART-A) with 68.75%, and by chicken astrovirus (CAstV) and chicken parvovirus (ChPV) in 43.75% of samples. Viruses were present in the pancreas of positive flocks at extremely high rates: 100% for ART-A, 91.7% for ANV, 100% for CAstV and 57.14% for ChPV. By contrast, only 16.7% and 57.14% of intestine samples were positive for ANV and CAstV, respectively. Avian reovirus (AReo) and avian adenovirus group 1 (FAdV-1) were not detected. These results suggest that high viral detection rates in pancreas samples may be a result of viremia during enteric disease, with subsequent damage of the exocrine pancreas, leading to runting-stunting syndrome (RSS).(AU)


A doença entérica é um problema multifatorial em galinhas que causa alterações gastrointestinais, conversão alimentar elevada e deficiência de crescimento. Nos últimos anos, os vírus entéricos foram associados à doença entérica; casos reportados mostraram a infecção de um único vírus e também infecções concomitantes durante os surtos sugerindo a presença de múltiplos fatores etiológicos nas doenças entéricas. Este estudo mostra uma alta taxa de detecção dos vírus entéricos em amostras de pâncreas e baço de um surto de enterite e má-absorção em 16 lotes de frangos (n=80 frangos). O vírus de nefrite aviária (ANV) foi o vírus mais detectado, estando presente em 75% dos lotes seguido pelo rotavírus aviário grupo A (ART-A) em 68,75% dos casos, e pelo astrovirus (CAstV) e parvovírus aviários (ChPV), ambos em 43,75% das amostras. Os vírus estavam presentes no pâncreas dos lotes positivos em percentuais elevados: 100% para ART-A e CAstV; 91,7% para ANV, e em 57,14% para ChPV. Em contraste, somente 16,7% e 57,14%, em amostras de intestino, foram positivos para ANV e CAstV, respectivamente. Reovírus aviário (AReo) e o adenovírus do grupo 1 (FAdV-1) não foram detectados. Estes resultados sugerem que os elevados percentuais de vírus detectados em amostras de pâncreas podem estar associados à viremia durante a doença entérica, com subsequente lesão no pâncreas exócrino das aves levando ao desenvolvimento da síndrome de nanismo e raquitismo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Avastrovirus/isolation & purification , Chickens/virology , Malabsorption Syndromes/diagnosis , Malabsorption Syndromes/veterinary , Parvovirus/isolation & purification , Dwarfism/diagnosis , Dwarfism/veterinary , Gastrointestinal Diseases/veterinary , Pancreas/physiopathology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Rickets/diagnosis , Rickets/veterinary , Spleen/virology
6.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2013. 76 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-711931

ABSTRACT

A Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) pode ser definida como intolerância a carboidrato durante a gravidez e estima-se que pode afetar 10-22% de todas as pacientes grávidas. Durante a gravidez podem surgir diversas complicações para o feto como risco elevado de aborto espontâneo, anormalidades congênitas e morbidade e mortalidade neonatal. Entretanto, podem surgir também alterações morfofuncionais em diversos órgãos da mãe diabética, porém isso não é bem estabelecido. Investigar se haverá ou não alterações bioquímicas e histopatológicas em diversos órgãos, como hipófise, útero, placenta e pâncreas de ratas grávidas com diabetes mellitus durante e no final da gravidez e compará-las . Além disso, investigar se há alteração na matriz extracelular (MEC) da hipófise desses animais. No 5º dia de vida, ratas Wistar foram divididas em dois grupos: um tratado com estreptozotocina (Grupo Diabético / DIAB), na dose de 90 mg/kg, subcutâneo e outro grupo, que foi tratado com veículo (tampão citrato/CTR). Aos 90 dias de vidas, foram submetidas ao cruzamento. Após isso, foram sacrificadas no 11º e 21º dia de gravidez. Foram avaliados glicemia e bioquímica maternal e número de implantes .O pâncreas, útero, placenta e hipófises foram coradas com Hematoxilina e Eosina e somente as hipófises foram coradas com Massom e Picrosirius, para avaliação da MEC.Os animais diabéticos tanto do 11º quanto do 21º dia apresentaram uma redução no número de implantes, menor peso e maior glicemia e colesterol total, em relação aos animais controle independente do dia da gravidez. Não foi verificada diferença dos níveis de triglicerídeos entre os grupos não diabéticos e diabéticos, independente dos dias. Entretanto, os animais diabéticos que finalizaram o período de gestação apresentaram uma maior glicemia maternal em relação ao grupo diabético do 11º dia. Pâncreas de ratas diabéticas do 21º dia apresentaram vacuolização intracitoplasmática das ilhotas, insulite,migração de células ...


Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) can be defined as carbohidrat intolerance during pregnancy and it may affect 10-22% off all pregnant pacients. During pregnancy can surge lots of complications to the fetus such as high risk of spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities and neonatal morbity and mortality. However, it can also surge morphofunctional alterations in several organs of the diabetic mother, but it has not been well established .To investigate if there is going to be biochemical and histopathological alterations in several organs, such as pituitary, uterus, placenta and pancreas of pregnant diabetics rats during and in the end of pregnancy and compared them. Furthermore, to investigate if there is pituitary alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in these animals. On the 5th day of life, Wistar rats were divided in two groups: one treated with streptozotocin (Diabetic Group/DIAB) , with the dose of 90 mg/kg, subcutaneous and another group , treated with vehicle (citrate buffer/CTR). At 90 days of life, they were mated . After, they were sacrified at 11o e 21o days of pregnancy. Were evaluated maternal glicemia and biochemistry and implant numbers. The pancreas, uterus,placenta e pituitary were stained with Hematoxilin and Eosin and only the pituitary were stained with Masson and Picrosirius, for ECM evaluation. Diabetic animals of 11o day as well as 21o days during pregnancy showed a reduced implant numbers, reduced weight and higher glicemia and total cholesterol , compared with control animals independent of pregnancy day. It was not verified difference in triglycerides levels between non diabetic and diabetic animals, independent of the day. However, diabetic animals that concluded the gestational period showed a higher maternal glicemia compared with 11o day diabetic group. Pancreas of 21o days diabetic animals showed islets intracitoplasmatic vacuolization, insulitis, inflammatory cell migration, thickness of wall vessel ...


Subject(s)
Animals , Pregnancy , Rats , Diabetes, Gestational , Pregnancy Complications , Cholesterol/adverse effects , Hyperglycemia , Pituitary Gland/metabolism , Extracellular Matrix/metabolism , Pancreas/physiopathology , Pancreas/metabolism , Placenta/physiopathology , Placenta/metabolism , Uterus/metabolism
7.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2012. 69 f p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756246

ABSTRACT

Dieta materna hiperlipídica (HF) em roedores ocasiona o desenvolvimento de resistência à insulina e o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 na prole adulta. Camundongos fêmeas foram alimentadas com dieta SC (standard chow) ou HF (hiperlipídica) durante oito semanas anteriores ao acasalamento, durante o período gestacional e metade da lactação. Os filhotes machos foram avaliados ao nascimento (0 dia) e aos 10 dias de idade. Nas progenitoras, foram avaliados o ganho de massa corporal (MC), a pressão arterial (PA), a eficiência alimentar (EA) e o teste oral de tolerância à glicose (TOTG). Na prole, foram avaliadas a evolução da massa corporal (MC), a glicemia, a estrutura da ilhota do pâncreas e a massa de célula-beta. Nas progenitoras, a ganho de massa corporal (MC) e a eficiência alimentar (EA) do grupo HF apresentaram um aumento de 50% em relação ao grupo SC durante o período pré-gestacional e um aumento de 70% do ganho de MC e 250% na EA, durante a gestação (P<0,0001). A pressão arterial e os níveis de corticosterona foram maiores no grupo HF quando comparados ao grupo SC (P=0,001). Em relação à massa corporal das proles, não houve diferença ao nascimento, contudo aos 10 dias de idade o grupo HF apresentou um aumento neste parâmetro, assim como um aumento dos níveis de glicemia e aumento do diâmetro da ilhota em relação ao grupo SC (P<0,001). Ao nascimento, a razão da massa de célula-beta/massa do pâncreas (MCB/MP), foi menor no grupo HF quando comparado ao grupo SC (-54%, P<0,0001), no entanto essa diferença não foi observada aos 10 dias de idade. A MCB/MP foi maior no grupo HF aos 10 dias de idade em relação ao grupo SC (+146%, P<0,0001)...


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Diet, High-Fat , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology , Insulin Resistance , Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Pancreas/physiopathology , Body Composition , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/metabolism , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Pregnancy/metabolism , Lactation/metabolism , Adipose Tissue/physiology
9.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2010. 85 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-665409

ABSTRACT

A dieta hiperlipídica (high-fat, HF) materna durante a gestação e/ou lactação aumenta a susceptibilidade da prole para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas na fase adulta. Verificar a hipótese que a ingestão materna de dieta HF nos períodos críticos de desenvolvimento (gestação e/ou lactação) predispõe à doença não alcoólica do fígado gorduroso e alterações pancreáticas e no tecido adiposo de camundongos machos adultos. Camundongos C57BL/6 fêmeas receberam durante a gestação e/ou lactação dieta padrão (standard chow, SC) ou HF. Filhotes machos foram divididos em cinco grupos: SC - provenientes de mães SC; G - provenientes de mães HF durante a gestação; L - provenientes de mães HF durante a lactação; GL/HF - provenientes de mães HF durante a gestação/lactação, mantendo a mesma dieta HF no período pós-natal (do desmame aos 3 meses de idade); GL - provenientes de mães HF durante a gestação/lactação trocando a dieta para SC no período pós-natal (do desmame aos 3 meses de idade). Foi analisada ao longo do experimento a massa corporal da prole. No sacrifício (3 meses), o fígado, o pâncreas e a gordura epididimária foram removidos, pesados e processados e o sangue foi coletado para análise bioquímica. Ao nascimento e ao desmame, filhotes GL/HF foram mais pesados (+6% e +44%, p<0,05, respectivamente) que os filhotes SC. Os filhotes G apresentaram resistência à insulina e menor expressão do transportador de glicose no fígado (GLUT-2). A esteatose hepática foi observada nos grupos G, L, GL e principalmente nos filhotes do grupo GL/HF. A expressão hepática da proteína ligante de elementos regulatórios de esteróis (SREBP-1c) estava aumentada nos filhotes G, GL e GL/HF. Os filhotes G, GL e GL/HF apresentaram hipertrofia da ilhota pancreática e dos adipócitos quando comparados com o grupo SC. O consumo de dieta HF durante a gestação mostra-se ser o período mais prejudicial para os filhotes adultos de camundongos. A programação metabólica por dieta HF ...


Maternal high-fat diet (HF) during gestation and/or lactation period increases the susceptibility to development of chronic disease in offspring adult life. This work aimed to verify the hypothesis that maternal intake of high-fat diet in critical periods of pregnancy and/or suckling period predisposes to non alcoholic fatty liver disease, pancreatic and adipose tissue alterations in adulthood mice offspring. C57BL/6 female mice were fed, during gestation and/or lactation phases, with standard chow (SC) of HF diet. Male pups were divided into 5 groups: SC - from SC fed dam; G - from HF fed dam during gestation period; L - from HF fed dam during lactation period; GL - from HF fed dam during gestation and lactation periods and GL/HF - from HF fed dam during gestation and lactation, maintaining HF diet from post-weaning to adulthood. We analyzed body mass in all experiment, and at the euthanasia (3 mo-old), liver, pancreas and adipose tissue were removed, weighted and embedded. Blood was collected to biochemical analyses. At birth and at weaning, GL/HF pups were heavier than SC pups (+6% and +44%, p<0.05, respectively). G offspring showed insulin resistance and lower glucose transporter-2 expression (GLUT-2). Hepatic steatosis was present in G, L, GL and mainly in GL/HF offspring. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) expression was higher in G, GL and GL/HF offspring. It is important to mention that pancreatic islet hyperthophy and adipocyte hypertrophy were affected in G, GL and GL/HF offspring in comparison to SC. HF diet administration during gestation period is worse than lactation period. Furthermore, this type of programming by HF predisposes to adverse remodeling in liver, pancreas and adipose tissue in adult mice offspring


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Mice , Dietary Fats/adverse effects , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/metabolism , Fatty Liver/physiopathology , Liver Diseases/etiology , Pancreas/physiopathology , Adipose Tissue/physiopathology
10.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(1): 64-71, fev. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509867

ABSTRACT

Os pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1) podem apresentar secreção residual de insulina por longos períodos, o que tem sido associado a prognóstico mais favorável. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a secreção de insulina por meio da dosagem de peptídeo C (PC) em pacientes com DM1 de curta (<5 anos; grupo 1) e longa (> 5 anos; grupo 2) duração da doença. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Voluntários com DM1 coletaram sangue em jejum e 6 minutos após a infusão de glucagon para dosagem de PC, HbA1c e anti-GAD. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 43 pacientes, 22 no grupo 1 e 21 no grupo 2. Secreção de insulina preservada (PC > 1,5 ng/mL) foi identificada em seis (13,9 por cento) e oito (18,6 por cento) casos nas coletas basal (PC1) e após estímulo (PC2), sem diferença entre os grupos (p = 0,18 e 0,24). PC1 foi detectável (> 0,5 ng/mL) em 13 (30,2 por cento) e PC2 em 18 (41,9 por cento) casos, mais frequentes no grupo 1 do que no 2 (p = 0,045 para PC1/p = 0,001 para PC2). Os títulos de PC1 (1,4 ±0,8 versus 1,2 ±1,0; p = 0,69) ou PC2 (1,8 ±1,5 versus 1,7 ±0,8; p = 0,91) não diferiram entre os grupos. No grupo 1 houve correlação inversa entre tempo de doença e PC2 (R = -0,58; p = 0,025). CONCLUSÃO: Uma proporção significativa dos pacientes com DM1 apresenta secreção residual de insulina, especialmente nos primeiros cinco anos da doença. Tais indivíduos representam a população ideal para estudos visando à prevenção secundária da doença.


Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may exhibit some residual insulin secretion for many years after their diagnosis. This has been associated with a more favorable prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze insulin secretion in individuals with T1D using C-peptide (CP) response to glucagon and comparing patients with recent onset (<5 years - Group 1) and long-standing disease (>5 years -Group 2). METHODS: Subjects with T1D had their blood sampled before (fasting) and 6 minutes after glucagon infusion for CP, HbA1c and anti-GAD measurement. RESULTS: Forty-three individuals were evaluated, 22 in Group 1 and 21 in Group 2. Preserved insulin secretion (CP >1.5 ng/mL) was observed in 6 (13.9 percent) and in 8 (18.6 percent) patients before (CP 1) and after (CP 2) glucagon stimulus, respectively, showing no difference between the groups (p=0.18 and 0.24). CP 1 and CP 2 were detectable (>0.5 ng/dL) in 13 (30.2 percent) and 18 (41.9 percent) patients, respectively. Both were more frequent in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p=0.45 for CP1/p=0.001 for CP 2). Similar serum levels where seen between the groups, both before and after stimulus (1.4±0.8 vs. 1.2±1.0; p=0.69 and 1.8±1.5 vs. 1.7±0.8; p=0.91). Group 1 presented an inverse correlation between disease duration and CP 2 (R=-0.58; p=0.025). CONCLUSION: A significant number of patients with T1D have detectable residual insulin secretion, especially in the first 5 years of disease. These subjects are an ideal population for clinical trials that target the prevention of â cell function loss in T1D.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Insulin , Pancreas , C-Peptide/analysis , C-Peptide/metabolism , Chi-Square Distribution , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/ethnology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology , Glucagon , Glutamate Decarboxylase/analysis , Glutamate Decarboxylase/immunology , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Pancreas/physiopathology , Time Factors , Young Adult
11.
Radiol. bras ; 38(6): 451-458, nov.-dez. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-421251

ABSTRACT

O diagnóstico das lesões císticas pancreáticas pelos métodos de imagem, especialmente as de pequeno tamanho, é cada vez mais freqüente. Em alguns casos, ele representa um dilema em relação à terapêutica, podendo ser pseudocistos inflamatórios, neoplasias primárias ou secundárias. Para a decisão terapêutica, é necessário definir se a neoplasia é benigna, maligna ou potencialmente maligna. Hoje, a ecoendoscopia é considerada o exame padrão-ouro para a investigação do pâncreas, fornecendo dados sobre a morfologia destas lesões e possibilitando, por meio da punção guiada em tempo real, a colheita de material para avaliação citológica e dos marcadores tumorais. Este procedimento é considerado seguro e eficiente e apresenta taxas de sensibilidade e especificidade altas e de morbidade e de complicações baixas. No diagnóstico das lesões mucinosas do pâncreas, os fatores preditivos mais significativos para o diagnóstico diferencial são a presença de septos, os nódulos murais e as alterações parenquimatosas, para o qual as taxas de sensibilidade, especificidade e grau de exatidão são, respectivamente, 94 por cento, 85 por cento e 88 por cento. Os autores têm por objetivo revisar as principais neoplasias císticas primárias do pâncreas, enfatizando a aplicação da ecoendoscopia no diagnóstico definitivo dessas neoplasias.


Pancreatic cystic lesions, particularly small lesions, are more easily diagnosed nowadays with the use of imaging methods. In some cases, the diagnosis represents a challenge to establish the treatment, as it can range from inflammatory pseudocysts to primary or metastatic cystic neoplasms. In order to choose the treatment, it is necessary to determine if the lesion is benign, borderline, or malignant. Currently, echoendoscopy is considered the gold standard procedure for pancreatic evaluation as it clearly shows the morphology of the lesion, and also allows the acquisition of pancreatic material for cytological and tumor markers studies using fine needle aspiration biopsy. This procedure is considered safe and efficient with high rates of sensibility and specificity and low rates of complications and morbidity. The presence of septa, mural nodules and irregularities in the parenchyma are the most significant predictive factors for the differential diagnosis of mucinous pancreatic-cystic lesions for which sensibility, specificity and accuracy rates are 94%, 85% and 88%, respectively. The aim of the authors in this study is to review the major primary-cystic-pancreatic neoplasms with emphasis in the application of echoendoscopy for the definite diagnosis of these lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous , Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/etiology , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Pancreas/cytology , Pancreas/physiopathology , Endosonography , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis
12.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 37(1/2): 51-64, jan.-jun. 2004. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-402730

ABSTRACT

Inicialmente, são apresentadas as bases teóricas para o conhecimento dos ritmos endócrinos, considerando-se que, virtualmente, todas as secreções hormonais apresentam acentuadas oscilações, o que demonstra um alto grau de organização temporal do sistema endócrino. A seguir, o trabalho revisa a ritmicidade do pâncreas endócrino, ressaltando os ritmos circadianos e ultradianos da insulina, em razão de sua importância para a fisiologia e fisiopatologia desse órgão. São apresentados tanto os resultados obtidos in vitro, quanto aqueles verificados clinicamente. Discutem-se as razões biológicas para a secreção pulsátil dos hormônios em geral, bem como as alterações desse ritmo em patologias do pâncreas endócrino


Subject(s)
Chronobiology Discipline , Circadian Rhythm , Insulin , Pancreas/physiopathology
13.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 34(4): 437-47, Apr. 2001. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-282608

ABSTRACT

Despite extensive genetic and immunological research, the complex etiology and pathogenesis of type I diabetes remains unresolved. During the last few years, our attention has been focused on factors such as abnormalities of islet function and/or microenvironment, that could interact with immune partners in the spontaneous model of the disease, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. Intriguingly, the first anomalies that we noted in NOD mice, compared to control strains, are already present at birth and consist of 1) higher numbers of paradoxically hyperactive ß cells, assessed by in situ preproinsulin II expression; 2) high percentages of immature islets, representing islet neogenesis related to neonatal BETA-cell hyperactivity and suggestive of in utero BETA-cell stimulation; 3) elevated levels of some types of antigen-presenting cells and FasL+ cells, and 4) abnormalities of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. However, the colocalization in all control mouse strains studied of fibroblast-like cells (anti-TR-7 labeling), some ECM proteins (particularly, fibronectin and collagen I), antigen-presenting cells and a few FasL+ cells at the periphery of islets undergoing neogenesis suggests that remodeling phenomena that normally take place during postnatal pancreas development could be disturbed in NOD mice. These data show that from birth onwards there is an intricate relationship between endocrine and immune events in the NOD mouse. They also suggest that tissue-specific autoimmune reactions could arise from developmental phenomena taking place during fetal life in which ECM-immune cell interaction(s) may play a key role


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Female , Mice , Child , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology , Pancreas/growth & development , Pancreas/physiopathology , Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism , Antigen-Presenting Cells/physiology , Apoptosis , Extracellular Matrix/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism , Islets of Langerhans/immunology , Islets of Langerhans/physiopathology , Mice, Inbred NOD , Pancreas/embryology
14.
Rev. invest. clín ; 52(3): 296-305, mayo-jun. 2000. tab, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-292135

ABSTRACT

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 o no insulino dependiente es una enfermedad crónico degenerativa, caracterizada por la elevación plasmática de glucosa y la predisposición al desarrollo de complicaciones micro y macrovasculares. En México la incidencia del padecimiento alcanza el 8 por ciento, donde aproximadamente uno de cada 10 pacientes manifiestan la enfermedad antes de los 40 años de edad (diabetes de aparición o inicio temprano). La diabetes tipo 2 es una entidad clínica y genéticamente heterogénea. Mutaciones en el gen de la glucocinasa y de los factores transcripcionales HNF-1a, HNF-4a, IPF-1, HNF-1b y HNF-3b han sido demostradas como causa de la diabetes tipo MODY, un subtipo de diabetes no dependiente de insulina con un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante y un edad de aparición temprana. Mutaciones en estos genes resultan en un defecto en la síntesis o la secreción de insulina. Cinco de estos genes codifican para factores transcripcionales positivos del gen de insulina y otros genes específicos de la célula b. Mutaciones en alguno de los genes asociados a MODY podría contribuir o determinar la insuficiencia en la síntesis o secreción de insulina observadas frecuentemente en los individuos que desarrollan diabetes a una edad temprana. El estudio estructural y funcional de estos genes así como de otros factores transcripcionales expresados en páncreas ha permitido su reconocimiento como posibles genes candidato involucrados en la susceptibilidad a desarrollar el padecimiento en las formas poligénicas de la diabetes del adulto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics , Genes , Insulin Resistance/genetics , Pancreas/physiopathology , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis , Transcription Factors/physiology , Heterozygote
15.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 30(4): 227-32, 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-272964

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A retrospective analysis of de etiologic factors and fisiopathogenic mechanisms underlyng an acute biliar pancreatitis episode put in evidence the complexity of the attempt to acquire a clear understanding of the entity. In this presentation the authors try to re-examine the main factors involved in the triggering of the disease. Beasides the clasic theories and their own approach to the management of an acute pancreatic inflammation episode are discussed. AIMS: The main purpose of this endeavor was to identify and discuss the etiopahogenic machanisms that were prevalent in a series of 148 patients observed and trated in a 10 years period. Besides, another distinctive aim was to analyze their evolution and somehow to try to assess their probable prognosis. PLACE OF APPLICATION: Close comunity. POPULATION: The whole group of patients that were admitted with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the time period comprised between 1987-1997. METHODS: The acute pancreatitis subgroups and their respective number of patient included were the following: BILIARY ACUTE PANCREATITIS 140 CASES POST ERCP 8 CASES CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the present reviewing endeaveur several observations deserve to be pointed out: a. The pancreatic gland undoubtedly is a neuroendocrine organ, that is subjeted to complex neural and hormonal influence. b. Undeniably, the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the physiopathogenic mechanism of acute pancreatitis has been surprisingly disregarded. c. The biliary acute pancreatitis variant is the most frequent. What we consider a simplification is to accept the Opie's postulation without taking into account the intermediate steps, centered on autonomic reflexes, that ultimately lead to the acute inflammatory lesions. d. Although without an absolute proof, it is undeniable that "stress" is a primary etiologie in some cases of acute pancreatitis. e. We favor the idea that the pancreon's functional status influences on the extension and intensity degree of the acute pancreatic inflammatory lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Pancreatitis/etiology , Acute Disease , Aged, 80 and over , Pancreas/physiopathology , Pancreatitis/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies
16.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 105-110, 2000.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-43373

ABSTRACT

We present dincopathologic features of three cases of biopsy-proven pancreas allograft dysfunction in Korea. All patients had advanced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Case 1 was a 30-year-old woman who underwent a simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Urinary infection developed 6 days after the operation, which remitted and reappeared, when urine amylase level was normal. Since the 55th day after the operation, intermittent hematuria has persisted. Cytomegalovirus inclusions were detected on the urinary bladder and grafted duodenal mucosa. The graft was removed due to perforation of the grafted duodenum and panperitonitis. Case 2 was a 27-year-old man undergoing pancreas transplantation alone (PTA). Ten days after the transplatation, the level of 24 urine amylase decreased and the graft was not delineated by 99mTc DTPA scintigraphy. Allograft needle biopsy revealed multiple acinar cell necrosis and mild lymphocytic infiltration which were compatible with mild acute rejection. Case 3 was a 25-year-old man undergoing cadevaric PTA. Three months after the transplantation, graft was removed due to gastric perforation associated with cytomegalovirus and angiodestructive fungal infection. Various causes of pancreas allograft dysfunction can be diagnosed by needle biopsy, thus appropriate biopsy specimen should be taken using improved biopsy technique.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Biopsy, Needle , Graft Rejection/physiopathology , Graft Rejection/pathology , Pancreas/physiopathology , Pancreas Transplantation/pathology , Transplantation, Homologous
17.
Anon.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 42(3): 125-8, mayo-jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-276488

ABSTRACT

GBS paciente masculino de 59 años, originario de Oaxaca ingresó al Hospital el 22 de octubre de 1989 y falleció cuatro días después


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreas/physiopathology , Pancreatitis/complications , Pancreatitis/diagnosis , Pancreatitis/etiology , Pancreatitis/therapy , Cholecystitis , Gallstones/complications , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn , Shock
19.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal. 1997; 26 (1): 131-140
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-43799

ABSTRACT

Thirty adult male albino rats were included in this study and divided into six equal groups. Bilateral vagotomy was done in four groups, while the other two groups were used as control animals. Generalized swelling of mitochondria of acinar, insular and ductular cells as well as of the nerve terminals appeared by the third day after operation. These changes were more apparent by the 7th, 15th and 30th days with vascular congestion, hemorrhage and cellular infiltration. The early changes were first within the limits of the physiological parameters and destructive process soon occurred


Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Microscopy, Electron/instrumentation , Vagotomy , Rats , Pancreas/physiopathology , Pancreatin
20.
Annals of Saudi Medicine. 1996; 16 (2): 144-7
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-40342
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